Airplane



y 0, 1939- c. R. A. M. DE ROUGE I 5 AIRPLANE Filed Feb. 11, 19 37 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 y c. R. A. M. DE ROUGE 2,160,455

' AIRPLANE Filed Feb. 11, 1937 :5 Sheets-Sheet 2 zedugm. y

May 30, 1939.

c. R. A. M. DE ROUGE AIRPLANE Filed Feb. 11. 1937 3 Sheets-SheefiS' Zest? sflzzzzejfzrz e Zefazge jfiwaw,

Patented May 30, 1939 UNITED stares PATENT OFFICE AIRPLANE Charles Roger Anne Marie de Roug, Mercues, France, assignor to Pollopas Patents Limited, London, England, a corporation of Great Britain Application February 11, 1937, Serial No. 125,203

In Germany February 19, 1936 4 Claims.

to be swung about an axis mounted in a direction J vertically to the direction of flight, and refers more particularly to stabilizing planes of this kind which may be adjusted and fixed in any position between a horizontal plane and a plane extending normally to the latter. This steeringand stabilizing plane is arranged at a distance from the supporting plane which is about twice as great as or greater than the depth of the supporting plane.

This steeringand stabilizing plane may replace the horizontal rudder, its action may, however, be limited to be used as a safety member besides the usual steeringand stabilizing members of flying machines in which case the steering members may or may not cooperate.

Particularly in the case in which the steeringand stabilizing plane cooperates with the other steering members of airplanes, dirigible balloons, lifting screws, etc., a further development of the plane has proved to be of advantage. This improvement consists in subdividing and so constructing the steering and/or stabilizing plane that each portion of same may, independently of the others, be adjusted or swung in any position between the horizontal plane and a plane extending under an angle of 90 thereto and be fixed in each adjusted position.

The individual portions of the plane may be fixed to a common axis or to different axes. They may be provided with control members which partly or completely are independent of each other. In their original position or the position of rest the portions of the plane preferably supplements a plane which, aside from unimportant details, has a continuous contour.

Finally it is possible to provide only two specially formed portions of the steering plane symmetrically with respect to each other which portions may be controlled independently of each other. Consequently the efiects of the upper wings of coleopterans (May-bugs, stag-beetles) may be obtained. According to the problem which the constructor in each case intends to apportion to the planes he will choose the place of attachment of the planes.

In the accompanyingdrawings some constructions according to the invention are shown by way of example.

In these drawings:

Fig. 1 diagrammatically shows a side elevation of two planes mounted upon the same axis one of which is directed rearwardly, the other forwardly,

Fig. 2 illustrates a side elevation similar to Fig. 1 of a modified construction.

Fig. 3 is a side elevational view which shows the use of three planes pivoted together in tandem on two axes.

Fig. 4 is a view in perspective of aplane, hav ing three planes arranged side by side upon a common axis, but separately controlled, and

shown in difierent positions.

Fig. 5 is a View in perspective of a plane, showing the use of two planes pivotally mounted upon I independent axes, provided with ball joints. 7

As shown in Fig. 1, the two planes 2 and 3 of an airplane may independently be swung around the axis I to occupy for instances the positions 2', 2" and 3, 3", 3" respectively shown in dotted lines.

In the modification shown in Fig. 2, the portions 5 and l of the plane of an airplane are independently mounted upon the axis 6. Due to their form these portions in the position of rest practically form a plane 4 continuous in its outer contour. The plane 5 according to this construction generally remains in its position of rest, Whereas the plane 1 may be swung about an angle of 90 downwardly from the horizontal position. Essential parts of the control or adjusting members for the plane 1 may be located in the plane 5.

According to Fig. 3 the planes I 0, H and I2 are mounted upon axes 8 and 8. The plane In may be swung relative to plane ll around the axis 8, whereas the plane I2 may be swung relative to plane ll around the axis 8'. Positions of adjustments of the plane In around the axis 8 and the plane I2 around the axis 8 are shown at I0 and [2 respectively. The plane II and thereby the whole arrangement of the planes l0, II and I2 may be swung around the axis 9. For this purpose the control member I3 is provided which partially extends through the main supporting plane M, which is the supporting mast M for the axis 9. The other control members for swinging the planes are not shown in the drawing.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the planes [1, l8 and IQ of an airplane may independently of each other be adjusted around the common axis l6 by means of the control members 2| ,2! and 22, 22 for the planes l1 and I9 respectively. In the position of rest the planes l1, l8 and [9 form a single plane I5. The swung out portions are designated with the reference character I5.

From the drawings it is at once to be seen, that the planes 1'', l8 and I 9 may independently of each other be adjusted in any inclined position.

The control member 20 below the plane I8 is also pivoted on the main supporting plane, which allows swinging of the entire steering and/or stabilizingplane.

Accordingto Fig. 5 an axle 23 journalled for instance in a ball joint is provided which supports a plane 30. A corresponding symmetric axle 243; is, moreover, provided carrying a plane 31. The plane 30 may be adjusted by the control members 32, 33 and the axle 23 carrying the plane 30 may be swung and if necessary rotated bjnmeansof the control members 26, 21.andi28.- In special cases, further control members, for instance control members actuated by restoring springs-,may" be provided. The plane 3| and the axle 24;may. 1

be adjusted in a manner similar to that described in connection with the axle 23 and the plane' 30.

ammay .be' fulfilledQ The quick and various adjust ments of the planes enable the pilot in case or a fast flyingairplanes to efiect changes ofi directior'isiof "alliikin'ds with. greater speed andsaiety as'well'i'as to' increase the lifting capacity with.

regard "to known flying [machines and to simultaneously effect lifting with'more safety. In case of dirigibleballoons, lifting screws etc. Weaker air current maybe utilized than hitherto What I claim is:

1. An airplane comprising a main supporting plane and a plurality of additional planes disposed above and spaced from said main supporting plane and adapted to be tilted about an axis transverse to the direction of flight, each additional plane comprising an: individually movable part,:and saidv parts being interconnected by a plurality of pivotal connections about which they are-ladapted to be individually tilted, and means for..controlling the movement of said additional planes about said transverse axes.

2. An airplanezaccording to claim 1 wherein one of-vtheadditional. plane parts is universally mountedomthe structure of the airplane and the remaining additional plane parts are adjustably mounted onsaidlfirst one of said plane parts.

3.lAn.airplane comprising a body, a supporting plane connected to said body, a plurality of substantially upright shafts movably mounted on said .body, additionaLcontrolling planes pivotally mounted. onisaid fshafts above said supporting planeand .spaced.therefrom,.and means for adjustingljthe .position. of v the shaft with respect to the plane and for .tiltingvsaid additional planes.

.4. .An airplane comprising a body, a supporting planeiconnectedt to said body,. a pair of skewed upstanding-"shaftslswingablymounted by a universalfjoin'tl-on saidbodyand adapted to be rotate'd additional.controlling planes arranged on each oflsaid shafts above the supporting plane andspacedtherefrom. and adapted to be tilted by means of said shaft, means for independently tiltingsaidadditional flaps. and means for independentlycontrolling the. universal movement oi. said shaft 7 CHARLES. ROGER ANNE v MARIE DE ROUGE. 

